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<text id=93TT0663>
<title>
Nov. 22, 1993: The Arts & Media:Entertainment
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
Nov. 22, 1993 Where is The Great American Job?
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
SPECTATOR, Page 69
Cartoons Yes, Humans No
</hdr>
<body>
<p>By Kurt Anderson
</p>
<p> Maybe it's just just me; maybe lots of heterosexuals born since
World War II really do love musicals. But I have never knowingly
hummed a show tune. I take it only on faith that Rodgers and
Hammerstein were geniuses. Ethel Merman's voice was powerful,
sure, and powerfully annoying. Each new Andrew Lloyd Webber
musical seems like an ice show putting on airs, Siegfried and
Roy with bathos. To a majority of people under 50, I'm convinced,
the formal conceit of musicals (a so-so play during which the
actors inexplicably sing their hearts out every 10 minutes)
is both corny and surreal, like some unpleasant crossbreed of
Salvador Dali and Norman Rockwell. We don't buy it, and we haven't
bought it since Mary Poppins. Our disbelief refuses to suspend.
</p>
<p> Trained by TV to be literal-minded and by the zeitgeist to be
a bit cynical, today's younger generation began driving the
traditional musical toward extinction more than two decades
ago. The genre's zenith came, not coincidentally, at the last
moment of baby boomers' cultural powerlessness, during the 1950s,
when a big Hollywood musical appeared every few months. It's
incredible, in retrospect, that An American in Paris, Royal
Wedding, Show Boat, Singin' in the Rain, April in Paris, Calamity
Jane, The Band Wagon, Seven Brides for Seven Brothers, Kismet,
Oklahoma!, Brigadoon, Guys and Dolls, High Society, Funny Face
and The King and I all appeared in movie theaters in a single
2,000-day period.
</p>
<p> As the children of the '50s became the moviegoing teenagers
of the '60s and '70s, however, Hollywood's output of musicals
shrank radically, and the genre had its last hurrah as an effectively
two-woman industry: there were Julie Andrews musicals (Mary
Poppins, The Sound of Music, Thoroughly Modern Millie), and
there were Barbra Streisand musicals (Funny Girl, Hello, Dolly!,
Funny Lady), and that was about it. Grease, a distant 15 years
ago, was the last traditional movie musical to become a hit.
</p>
<p> But ambition, hubris and nostalgia still inspire many of the
most talented American filmmakers to try the form. Steven Bochco,
after creating the hit series L.A. Law but before creating the
hit series NYPD Blue, created the very expensive flop series
Cop Rock, a weekly musical about police. "It was the most fun
I've ever had in television," says Bochco, whose father was
a Broadway pit musician. The audience regarded Cop Rock as a
curious taste not worth acquiring--"I think people sitting
at home alone," Bochco figures now, "were embarrassed"--and
ABC canceled it quickly. James Brooks, the director of Terms
of Endearment and Broadcast News, finished shooting his movie
musical I'll Do Anything last February, but test audiences reacted
so negatively that Brooks has embarked on a radical course of
rejiggering; one possibility is removing most of the musical
numbers, a destroy-the-village-to-save-it remedy ABC proposed
to Bochco for Cop Rock. The picture has been delayed until February.
</p>
<p> Despite all the cautionary tales, they keep coming. Disney,
last year's disastrous Newsies notwithstanding, seems on the
verge of turning its hegemonic attentions to live-action musicals:
the studio has the splendid composer Danny Elfman (The Simpsons,
Tim Burton's films) and Alan Menken, Newsies' composer, each
developing a new live-action movie musical, plus Oliver Stone
in preproduction on Evita.
</p>
<p> As a creator of The Little Mermaid, Beauty and the Beast and
Aladdin for Disney, Menken has almost single-handedly revived
the movie musical, albeit in cartoon form. And with the success
of Disney's giddy, macabre new animated musical The Nightmare
Before Christmas (it is the most popular movie in America right
now), we are in a new golden era: Disney is to the '90s what
MGM was to the '50s. "We came in with real respect for the established
traditions of the American musical," Menken says of his blockbuster
cartoon movies. Except, of course, for the tradition of filming
actors. It seems that people at the end of the 20th century
can accept a movie character bursting into song only if that
character is nonhuman. And the main audience for today's new
musicals is children, who tend to come with very little disbelief
in need of suspending.
</p>
<p> Slightly older children are the audience for the four-minute
musicals known as music videos. If Aladdin is a traditional
book musical, most music videos are not even booklet musicals.
VH1 has hired Francis Coppola to oversee a series of special,
half-hour music videos directed by important younger filmmakers,
and it seems axiomatic that if some new species of live-action
long-form musical is to evolve, it will owe at least as much
to R.E.M.'s video Everybody Hurts, say, as to Vincente Minnelli's
Meet Me in St. Louis. A big problem with Newsies, admits Menken,
was that "it didn't resemble a video enough. There weren't enough
camera angles."
</p>
<p> As recently as the '70s, Hollywood automatically considered
Broadway a wellspring of stories and concepts. But almost none
of the hit Broadway musicals of the past decade have been turned
into a movie. Indeed, the east-west flow of material has rather
suddenly reversed itself--movies now turn into Broadway spectacles.
La Cage aux Folles, 42nd Street and The Phantom of the Opera
were films first and stage shows second, as were both of this
season's big hits, Tommy (essentially a set of music videos
performed live) and Kiss of the Spider Woman. And what are some
of the big musicals about to arrive on Broadway? The Red Shoes
(based on the 1948 movie), Sunset Boulevard (based on the 1950
movie) and, next spring, the Disney production of Beauty and
the Beast (based on the 1991 Disney movie).
</p>
</body>
</article>
</text>